Hydnophytum papuanum is a tropical plant with an enlarged stem, also known as a caudex. Inside this caudex, an elaborate network of tunnels is created by the plant. In nature, this network of tunnels is home to an ant colony. The plant lives symbiotically with the ants, this type of plant is called a myrmecophyte. The ants provide the root system with nutrients and protect the plant from herbivory. In return, the plant provides the ants with shelter against the elements and predators. From the enlarged stem, several stalks containing opposite, rounded leaves. The leaves produce a thick layer of wax to protect them from dehydration. Hydnophytum papuanum produces small white flowers in between the leaves. When pollinated, the flowers form bright orange fruits. Propagation is mostly done by harvesting seeds. Germinate the seeds in a warm and moist environment.

Hydnophytum papuanum originates from warm and humid forests of southeastern Asia. This species grows epiphytically on various parts of trees. For optimal growth, provide this plant with a warm environment. Make sure that temperature never drops below 16 degrees Celsius. Relative humidity is best above 60%. The ideal growth medium for this plant is very airy and has excellent drainage. Specialized mixes for epiphytes or orchid medium is commonly used for this plant. Water Hydnophytum papuanum when the medium is almost dried up. In winter this plant could handle several days of dry medium without many problems. Make sure never to let this plant sit in a layer of water. Provide this species with bright indirect light as direct light could scorch the leaves. Fertilize monthly with half the recommended dose of orchid fertilizer in growth season.