Dendrobium erectifolium is a rare orchid from New Guinea which grows up to around 1000 meters altitude. This species forms short, erect, cane-shaped pseudobulbs that could become somewhat pendant with age. The leathery leaves are alternating, oval shaped. Single flowers arise between the leaves and the canes on a short flower stalk. The burgundy, cup-shaped flowers show a folded, lighter colored labellum. Some subtle striations are formed on the outermost tepals. Propagation is easiest by dividing. Make sure every division has at least three pseudobulbs.

Dendrobium erectifolium grows as an epiphyte on mossy branches of trees in tropical forests of New Guinea. For this species, provide day temperatures between 23 and 30 degrees Celsius. At nighttime, a drop in temperature of around 5 degrees stimulates growth. Ideally, humidity is higher than 70% in its growing environment. When humidity is very high, it is possible to grow this species mounted on bark or other media. Allow for optimal ventilation. The ideal potting media is an airy mix for epiphytes and could consist of medium sized bark. Place this plant in bright indirect light. Water this species regularly in the growing season which lasts normally from summer till fall. It is possible to let the medium dry out slightly in between waterings in winter and store it in a cooler place. Fertilize this species weekly with a recommended dosage of specialized orchid fertilizer.